The paper deals with the problem of future biology teachers' vocational preparation process and shaping in them of those capacities that contribute to the conservation and enhancement of our planet's biodiversity as a reflection of the leading sustainable development goals of society. Such personality traits are viewed through the prism of forming the future biology teachers' professional and terminological competence. Professional and terminological competence has been defined as the formed ability of specialists to competently and expediently use vocational terms in their professional activity. The main aspects and categories that characterize the professional and terminological competence of future biology teachers, including terminology, nomenclature, term, nomen and term element, have been explained. The criteria and stages of shaping the future biology teachers' professional and terminological competence during the vocational training process have been fixed. Methodical support for shaping students' professional and terminological competence has been substantiated. Methods, techniques, technologies, guiding principles and forms of staged work on the forming of an active terminological dictionary of future biology teachers have been described and specified. The content of the distant special course "Latin. Botanical Terminology" which provides training for future teachers, based on knowledge of Latin, to perceive the professional subjects and to understand of international scientific terminology, has been presented. It is concluded that the proper level of formation of the future biology teachers' professional and terminological competence will eventually ensure the qualitative preparation of students for life in a sustainable development era.